ASCP Hematology Specialist Exam Practice 2025 – Comprehensive Test Prep

Hairy cell leukemia is specifically characterized by the presence of atypical lymphoid cells that exhibit delicate, "hairy" projections on their surfaces. This unique morphology is a direct result of the abnormal proliferation of B-lymphocytes and helps in distinguishing hairy cell leukemia from other hematological malignancies. The diagnosis is further supported by specific immunophenotyping findings, typically showing positive markers such as CD19 and CD11c, along with the presence of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity.

Understanding the defining characteristics of hairy cell leukemia is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. This disorder often presents with splenomegaly, cytopenias due to marrow involvement, and can be effectively treated with purine analogs such as cladribine. It is essential to recognize the distinct features and clinical implications related to this leukemia to provide appropriate patient management.